279 lines
14 KiB
Markdown
279 lines
14 KiB
Markdown
# mailcow: dockerized - 🐮 + 🐋 = 💕
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[](https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_button_id=JWBSYHF4SMC68)
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* [About mailcow: dockerized](#about-mailcow-dockerized)
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+ [Container and volume overview](#container-and-volume-overview)
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+ [Network](#network)
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+ [FAQ](#faq)
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* [Installation](#installation)
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* [First steps](#first-steps)
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+ [Rspamd UI access](#rspamd-ui-access)
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+ [SSL (and: How to use Let's Encrypt)](#ssl-and-how-to-use-lets-encrypt)
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+ [Adjust service configurations](#adjust-service-configurations)
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* [Useful commands and examples](#useful-commands-and-examples)
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## About mailcow: dockerized
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mailcow dockerized comes with **11 containers** linked in a mailcow network:
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- Dovecot
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- Memcached
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- Redis
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- MySQL
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- PowerDNS Recursor
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- PHP-FPM
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- Postfix
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- Nginx
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- Rmilter
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- Rspamd
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- SOGo
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**4** volumes to keep dynamic data - take care of them!
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- vmail-vol-1
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- dkim-vol-1
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- redis-vol-1
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- mysql-vol-1
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All configurations were written with security in mind.
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*[Looking for a farm to host your cow?](https://www.servercow.de)*
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### Container and volume overview
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| Type | Object name | Network names | External binding | Internal binding | Volumes |
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|-----------|-------------------|------------------------------|----------------------------------------------|----------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
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| Container | postfix-mailcow | ${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME}, postfix | 25/tcp, 465/tcp, 587/tcp | 588/tcp | ./data/conf/postfix => /opt/postfix/conf, ./data/assets/ssl => /etc/ssl/mail/:ro |
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| Container | dovecot-mailcow | ${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME}, dovecot | 110/tcp, 143/tcp, 993/tcp, 995/tcp, 4190/tcp | 24/tcp, 10001/tcp | Mounts from sogo-mailcow, vmail-vol-1 => /var/vmail, ./data/conf/dovecot => /etc/dovecot, ./data/assets/ssl => /etc/ssl/mail/:ro |
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| Container | nginx-mailcow | nginx | 443/tcp | 80/tcp, 8081/tcp | Mounts from sogo-mailcow, ./data/web => /web:ro, ./data/conf/rspamd/dynmaps => /dynmaps:ro, ./data/assets/ssl/ => /etc/ssl/mail/:ro, ./data/conf/nginx/ => /etc/nginx/conf.d/:ro |
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| Container | pdns-mailcow | pdns | - | 53/udp | ./data/conf/pdns/ => /etc/powerdns/ |
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| Container | rspamd-mailcow | rspamd | - | 11333/tcp, 11334/tcp | dkim-vol-1 => /data/dkim, ./data/conf/rspamd/override.d/ => /etc/rspamd/override.d:ro, ./data/conf/rspamd/local.d/ => /etc/rspamd/local.d:ro, ./data/conf/rspamd/lua/ => /etc/rspamd/lua/:ro |
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| Container | mysql-mailcow | mysql | - | 3306/tcp | mysql-vol-1 => /var/lib/mysql/, ./data/conf/mysql/ => /etc/mysql/conf.d/:ro |
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| Container | rmilter-mailcow | rmilter | - | 9000/tcp | ./data/conf/rmilter/ => /etc/rmilter.conf.d/:ro |
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| Container | phpfpm-mailcow | phpfpm | - | 9000/tcp | dkim-vol-1 => /data/dkim, ./data/web => /web:ro, ./data/conf/rspamd/dynmaps => /dynmaps:ro |
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| Container | sogo-mailcow | sogo | - | 20000/tcp | ./data/conf/sogo/ => /etc/sogo/, /usr/lib/GNUstep/SOGo/WebServerResources/ |
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| Container | redis-mailcow | redis | - | 6379/tcp | redis-vol-1 => /data/ |
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| Container | memcached-mailcow | memcached | - | 11211/tcp | - |
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| Volume | vmail-vol-1 | - | - | - | Mounts to dovecot |
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| Volume | dkim-vol-1 | - | - | - | Mounts to rspamd + phpfpm |
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| Volume | redis-vol-1 | - | - | - | Mounts to redis |
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| Volume | mysql-vol-1 | - | - | - | Mounts to mysql |
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### Network
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All containers share a network "mailcow-network" with the subnet 172.22.1.0/24 - if you want to change it, set it in the composer file.
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IPs are dynamic except for PowerDNS resolver which has a static ip address 172.22.1.254.
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### FAQ
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- rspamd learns mail as spam or ham when you move a message in or out of the junk folder to any mailbox besides trash.
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- rspamd auto-learns mail when a high or low score is detected (see https://rspamd.com/doc/configuration/statistic.html#autolearning)
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- You can upgrade containers by running `docker-compose pull && docker-compose up -d`.
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## Installation
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1. You need Docker and Docker Compose. Most systems can install Docker by running `wget -qO- https://get.docker.com/ | sh` - see [this link](https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/) for installing Docker Compose.
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2. Clone this repository and configure `mailcow.conf`, do not use special chars in passwords in this file (will be fixed soon).
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3. `docker-compose up -d` - leave the `-d` out for a wall of logs in case of debugging.
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Done.
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You can now access https://${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME} with the default credentials `admin` + password `moohoo`. The database will be initialized when you first visit the UI.
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## First steps
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### Rspamd UI access
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At first you may want to setup Rspamds web interface which provides some useful features and information.
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1. Set a Rspamd controller password:
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```
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# Generate hash
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docker-compose exec rspamd-mailcow rspamadm pw
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```
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2. Replace the default hash in `data/conf/rspamd/override.d/worker-controller.inc` by your newly generated:
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```
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enable_password = "myhash";
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```
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3. Restart rspamd:
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```
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docker-compose restart rspamd-mailcow
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```
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Open https://${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME}/rspamd in a browser and login!
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### SSL (and: How to use Let's Encrypt)
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mailcow dockerized comes with a snakeoil CA "mailcow" and a server certificate in `data/assets/ssl`. Please use your own trusted certificates.
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mailcow uses 3 domain names that should be covered by your new certificate:
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- ${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME}
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- autodiscover.example.org (used for ActiveSync)
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- autoconfig.example.org (used by Thunderbird and derivates)
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**Obtain multi-SAN certificate by Let's Encrypt**
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This is just an example of how to obtain certificates with certbot. There are several methods!
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1. Get the certbot client:
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```
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wget https://dl.eff.org/certbot-auto -O /usr/local/sbin/certbot && chmod +x /usr/local/sbin/certbot
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```
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2. Disable applications blocking port 80 and run certbot:
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```
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cd /path/to/git/clone/mailcow-dockerized
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source mailcow.conf
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certbot certonly \
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--standalone \
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--standalone-supported-challenges http-01 \
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-d ${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME} \
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-d autodiscover.example.org \
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-d autoconfig.example.org \
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--email you@example.org \
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--agree-tos
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```
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3. Create hard links to the full path of the new certificates. Assuming you are still in the mailcow root folder:
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```
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mv data/assets/ssl/cert.{pem,pem.backup}
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mv data/assets/ssl/key.{pem,pem.backup}
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ln $(readlink -f /etc/letsencrypt/live/${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME}/fullchain.pem) data/assets/ssl/cert.pem
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ln $(readlink -f /etc/letsencrypt/live/${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME}/privkey.pem) data/assets/ssl/key.pem
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```
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4. Restart containers which use the certificate:
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```
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docker-compose restart postfix-mailcow
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docker-compose restart dovecot-mailcow
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docker-compose restart nginx-mailcow
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```
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When renewing certificates, run the last two steps (link + restart) as post-hook in a script.
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### Adjust service configurations
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The most important configuration files are mounted from the host into the related containers:
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```
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data/conf/
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├── dovecot
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│ ├── dovecot.conf
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│ ├── sieve_after
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│ └── sql
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│ ├── dovecot-dict-sql.conf
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│ └── dovecot-mysql.conf
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├── mysql
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│ └── my.cnf
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├── nginx
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│ ├── dynmaps.conf
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│ └── site.conf
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├── pdns
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│ ├── pdns_custom.lua
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│ └── recursor.conf
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├── postfix
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│ ├── main.cf
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│ ├── master.cf
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│ ├── postscreen_access.cidr
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│ ├── smtp_dsn_filter
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│ └── sql
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| ...
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├── rmilter
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│ └── rmilter.conf
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├── rspamd
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│ ├── dynmaps
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│ │ ├── settings.php
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│ │ └── vars.inc.php -> ../../../web/inc/vars.inc.php
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│ ├── local.d
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│ │ ├── dkim.conf
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│ │ ├── metrics.conf
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│ │ ├── options.inc
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│ │ ├── redis.conf
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│ │ ├── rspamd.conf.local
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│ │ └── statistic.conf
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│ ├── lua
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│ │ └── rspamd.local.lua
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│ └── override.d
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│ ├── logging.inc
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│ ├── worker-controller.inc
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│ └── worker-normal.inc
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└── sogo
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└── sogo.conf
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```
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Just change the according configuration file on the host and restart the related service with docker-compose: `docker-compose restart service-mailcow`
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## Useful commands and examples
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All commands need to be run from within `/path/to/git/clone/mailcow-dockerized`.
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### Update images and restart containers
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As easy as:
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```
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docker-compose pull
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docker-compose up -d
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```
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### Override used images with custom Dockerfiles
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Make your changes in `data/Dockerfiles/service` and build the image locally:
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```
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docker build data/Dockerfiles/service -t andryyy/mailcow-dockerized:service
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```
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Now auto-recreate modified containers:
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```
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docker-compose up -d
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```
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### Get bash-completion for docker-compose
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For the tab-tab... :-)
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```
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curl -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/docker/compose/$(docker-compose version --short)/contrib/completion/bash/docker-compose -o /etc/bash_completion.d/docker-compose
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```
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### Logs
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You can use `docker-compose logs $service-name` for almost all containers. Only rmilter does not log to stdout. You can check rspamd logs for rmilter responses.
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Run `docker-compose logs` for all logs at once.
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### MySQL
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Connect to the MySQL database:
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```
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source mailcow.conf
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docker-compose exec mysql-mailcow mysql -u${DBUSER} -p${DBPASS} ${DBNAME}
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```
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Reset mailcow admin to `admin:moohoo`:
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```
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# 1. Drop admin table
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source mailcow.conf
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docker-compose exec mysql-mailcow mysql -u${DBUSER} -p${DBPASS} ${DBNAME} -e "DROP TABLE admin;"
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# 2. Open mailcow UI to auto-init the db
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```
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Backup the database:
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```
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source mailcow.conf
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DATE=$(date +"%Y%m%d_%H%M%S")
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docker-compose exec mysql-mailcow mysqldump --default-character-set=utf8mb4 -u${DBUSER} -p${DBPASS} ${DBNAME} > backup_${DBNAME}_${DATE}.sql
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```
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### Redis
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Connect to redis key store:
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```
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docker-compose exec redis-mailcow redis-cli
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```
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### Rspamd:
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Rspamd CLI tools:
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```
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docker-compose exec rspamd-mailcow rspamc --help
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docker-compose exec rspamd-mailcow rspamadm --help
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```
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### Dovecot:
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Run doveadm:
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```
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docker-compose exec dovecot-mailcow doveadm
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```
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Backup maildir (simple tar file):
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```
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docker run --rm -it -v $(docker inspect --format '{{ range .Mounts }}{{ if eq .Destination "/var/vmail" }}{{ .Name }}{{ end }}{{ end }}' $(docker-compose ps -q dovecot-mailcow)):/vmail -v ${PWD}:/backup debian:jessie tar cvfz /backup/backup_vmail.tar.gz /vmail
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```
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### Remove persistent data
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Remove volume `mysql-vol-1` to remove all MySQL data.
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Remove volume `redis-vol-1` to remove all Redis data.
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Remove volume `vmail-vol-1` to remove all contents of `/var/vmail` mounted to `dovecot-mailcow`.
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Remove volume `dkim-vol-1` to remove all DKIM keys.
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### Scale it
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You can scale some services for mailcow, which is much more useful on a multi-host system. Please do not scale MySQL or Redis containers.
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This is insufficiently tested!
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```
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docker-compose scale rspamd-mailcow=2
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docker-compose scale rmilter-mailcow=3
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# ...
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```
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