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andryyy 2017-03-02 11:32:49 +01:00
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# Change default language
Change `data/conf/sogo/sogo.conf` and replace English by your language.
Create a file `data/web/inc/vars.local.inc.php` and add "DEFAULT_LANG" with either "en", "pt", "de" or "nl":
```
<?php
$DEFAULT_LANG = "de";
```
# SSL (and: How to use Let's Encrypt)
mailcow dockerized comes with a snakeoil CA "mailcow" and a server certificate in `data/assets/ssl`. Please use your own trusted certificates.
mailcow uses 3 domain names that should be covered by your new certificate:
- ${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME}
- autodiscover.*example.org*
- autoconfig.*example.org*
## Obtain multi-SAN certificate by Let's Encrypt
This is just an example of how to obtain certificates with certbot. There are several methods!
1. Get the certbot client:
```
wget https://dl.eff.org/certbot-auto -O /usr/local/sbin/certbot && chmod +x /usr/local/sbin/certbot
```
2. Make sure you set `HTTP_BIND=0.0.0.0` in `mailcow.conf` or setup a reverse proxy to enable connections to port 80. If you changed HTTP_BIND, then restart Nginx: `docker-compose restart nginx-mailcow`.
3. Request the certificate with the webroot method:
```
cd /path/to/git/clone/mailcow-dockerized
source mailcow.conf
certbot certonly \
--webroot \
-w ${PWD}/data/web \
-d ${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME} \
-d autodiscover.example.org \
-d autoconfig.example.org \
--email you@example.org \
--agree-tos
```
3. Create hard links to the full path of the new certificates. Assuming you are still in the mailcow root folder:
```
mv data/assets/ssl/cert.{pem,pem.backup}
mv data/assets/ssl/key.{pem,pem.backup}
ln $(readlink -f /etc/letsencrypt/live/${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME}/fullchain.pem) data/assets/ssl/cert.pem
ln $(readlink -f /etc/letsencrypt/live/${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME}/privkey.pem) data/assets/ssl/key.pem
```
4. Restart containers which use the certificate:
```
docker-compose restart postfix-mailcow dovecot-mailcow nginx-mailcow
```
When renewing certificates, run the last two steps (link + restart) as post-hook in a script.
# Rspamd UI access
At first you may want to setup Rspamds web interface which provides some useful features and information.
1. Generate a Rspamd controller password hash:
```
docker-compose exec rspamd-mailcow rspamadm pw
```
2. Replace the default hash in `data/conf/rspamd/override.d/worker-controller.inc` by your newly generated:
```
enable_password = "myhash";
```
3. Restart rspamd:
```
docker-compose restart rspamd-mailcow
```
Open https://${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME}/rspamd in a browser and login!

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# mailcow: dockerized - 🐮 + 🐋 = 💕
[![Donate](https://img.shields.io/badge/Donate-PayPal-green.svg)](https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_button_id=JWBSYHF4SMC68)
mailcow dockerized comes with **11 containers** linked in **one bridged network**.
- Dovecot
- Memcached
- Redis
- MySQL
- Bind9 (Resolver) (formerly PDNS Recursor)
- PHP-FPM
- Postfix
- Nginx
- Rmilter
- Rspamd
- SOGo
**6 volumes** to keep dynamic data - take care of them!
- vmail-vol-1
- dkim-vol-1
- redis-vol-1
- mysql-vol-1
- rspamd-vol-1
- postfix-vol-1
The integrated **mailcow UI** allows administrative work on your mail server instance as well as separated domain administrator and mailbox user access:
- DKIM key management
- Black- and whitelists per domain and per user
- Spam score managment per-user (reject spam, mark spam, greylist)
- Allow mailbox users to create temporary spam aliases
- Prepend mail tags to subject or move mail to subfolder (per-user)
- Allow mailbox users to toggle incoming and outgoing TLS enforcement
- Allow users to reset SOGo ActiveSync device caches
- imapsync to migrate or pull remote mailboxes regularly
- TFA: Yubi OTP and U2F USB (Google Chrome and derivates only)
- Add domains, mailboxes, aliases, domain aliases and SOGo resources
*[Looking for a farm to host your cow?](https://www.servercow.de)*

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# Install mailcow
1. You need Docker.
- Most systems can install Docker by running `wget -qO- https://get.docker.com/ | sh`
2. You need Docker Compose.
- Learn [how to install Docker Compose](https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/) - or:
- `curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/composer_version/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose && chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose`
3. Clone the master branch of the repository and run `./generate_config.sh` to generate a file "mailcow.conf". You will be asked for a hostname and a timezone:
- `git clone https://github.com/andryyy/mailcow-dockerized && cd mailcow-dockerized`
- `./generate_config.sh`
- Open and check "mailcow.conf" if you need or want to make changes to ports (for example changing the default HTTPS port)
4. Run the composer file.
- `docker-compose up -d`
Done.
You can now access **https://${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME}** with the default credentials `admin` + password `moohoo`.
It may take a while for MySQL to warm up, so please wait half a minute.
The database will be initialized right after a connection to MySQL can be established.
# Update mailcow
There is no update routine.
You need to refresh your pulled repository clone by running `git pull` - this will likely fail due to changes to your local configuration. But that's why we use git! :-)
Whatever file has local changes, add and commit it to your repository clone. For example:
```
git add data/conf/postfix/main.cf data/conf/dovecot/dovecot.conf
git commit -m "My changes to main.cf and dovecot.conf
```
Try running `git pull` again and resolve conflicts, if any.
Now update all images, apply changes to containers and restart all services:
```
docker-compose pull
docker-compose up -d --remove-orphans
docker-compose restart
```
## Use dev branch (not recommended)
When you checkout the dev branch, you will most likely end up using the "master" images with code base of "dev".
If there were critical changes to the images in dev, mailcow will not work.
But you can still build the images by yourself:
```
docker-compose up -d --build
```

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# Anonymize headers for smtp relayed
Save as `data/conf/postfix/mailcow_anonymize_headers.pcre`:
```
/^\s*Received:[^\)]+\)\s+\(Authenticated sender:(.+)/
REPLACE Received: from localhost (localhost [127.0.0.1]) (Authenticated sender:$1
/^\s*User-Agent/ IGNORE
/^\s*X-Enigmail/ IGNORE
/^\s*X-Mailer/ IGNORE
/^\s*X-Originating-IP/ IGNORE
/^\s*X-Forward/ IGNORE
/^\s*Mime-Version:/ IGNORE
```
Add this to `data/conf/postfix/main.cf`:
```
smtp_header_checks = pcre:/opt/postfix/conf/mailcow_anonymize_headers.pcre
```
# Backup and restore maildir (simple tar file)
### **Backup**
This line backups the vmail directory to a file backup_vmail.tar.gz in the mailcow root directory:
```
cd /path/to/mailcow-dockerized
source mailcow.conf
DATE=$(date +"%Y%m%d_%H%M%S")
docker run --rm -it -v $(docker inspect --format '{{ range .Mounts }}{{ if eq .Destination "/var/vmail" }}{{ .Name }}{{ end }}{{ end }}' $(docker-compose ps -q dovecot-mailcow)):/vmail -v ${PWD}:/backup debian:jessie tar cvfz /backup/backup_vmail.tar.gz /vmail
```
You can change the path by adjusting ${PWD} (which equals to the current directory) to any path you have write-access to.
Set the filename `backup_vmail.tar.gz` to any custom name, but leave the path as it is. Example: `[...] tar cvfz /backup/my_own_filename_.tar.gz`
### **Restore**
```
cd /path/to/mailcow-dockerized
source mailcow.conf
DATE=$(date +"%Y%m%d_%H%M%S")
docker run --rm -it -v $(docker inspect --format '{{ range .Mounts }}{{ if eq .Destination "/var/vmail" }}{{ .Name }}{{ end }}{{ end }}' $(docker-compose ps -q dovecot-mailcow)):/vmail -v ${PWD}:/backup debian:jessie tar xvfz /backup/backup_vmail.tar.gz
```
For the tab-tab... :-)
```
curl -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/docker/compose/$(docker-compose version --short)/contrib/completion/bash/docker-compose -o /etc/bash_completion.d/docker-compose
```
# Black- and Whitelist
Edit a domain as (domain) administrator to add an item to the filter table.
Beware that a mailbox user can login to mailcow and override a domain policy filter item.
# Change default theme
mailcow uses [Bootstrap](http://getbootstrap.com/), a HTML, CSS, and JS framework.
Open or create the file `data/web/inc/vars.local.inc.php` and change `DEFAULT_THEME` to either cerulean, cosmo, custom, cyborg, darkly, flatly, journal, paper, readable, sandstone, simplex, slate, spacelab, superhero, united or yeti (see https://bootswatch.com/):
```
<?php
$DEFAULT_THEME = "paper";
```
# Customize Dockerfiles
Make your changes in `data/Dockerfiles/$service` and build the image locally:
```
docker build data/Dockerfiles/service -t andryyy/mailcow-dockerized:$service
```
Now auto-recreate modified containers:
```
docker-compose up -d
```
# Do not check sender addresses for any domain
This option is not best-practice and should only be implemented when there is no other option available to archive whatever you are trying to do.
Simply create a file `data/conf/postfix/check_sender_access` and enter the following content:
```
user-to-allow-everything@example.com OK
```
Open `data/conf/postfix/main.cf` and find `smtpd_sender_restrictions`. Prepend `check_sasl_access hash:/opt/postfix/conf/check_sender_access` like this:
```
smtpd_sender_restrictions = check_sasl_access hash:/opt/postfix/conf/check_sender_access reject_authenticated_sender [...]
```
Run postmap on check_sasl_access:
```
docker-compose exec postfix-mailcow postmap /opt/postfix/conf/check_sasl_access
```
Restart the Postfix container.
# Install Roundcube
Download Roundcube 1.3.x (beta at the time of Feb 2017) to the web htdocs directory and extract it (here `rc/`):
```
cd data/web/rc
wget -O - https://github.com/roundcube/roundcubemail/releases/download/1.3-beta/roundcubemail-1.3-beta-complete.tar.gz | tar xfvz -
# Change folder name
mv roundcubemail-1.3* rc
# Change permissions
chown -R root: rc/
```
Create a file `data/web/rc/config/config.inc.php` with the following content.
**Change the `des_key` parameter to a random value.** It is used to temporarily store your IMAP password.
```
<?php
error_reporting(0);
if (!file_exists('/tmp/mime.types')) {
file_put_contents("/tmp/mime.types", fopen("http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/httpd/httpd/trunk/docs/conf/mime.types", 'r'));
}
$config = array();
$config['db_dsnw'] = 'mysql://' . getenv('DBUSER') . ':' . getenv('DBPASS') . '@mysql/' . getenv('DBNAME');
$config['default_host'] = 'tls://dovecot';
$config['default_port'] = '143';
$config['smtp_server'] = 'tls://postfix';
$config['smtp_port'] = 587;
$config['smtp_user'] = '%u';
$config['smtp_pass'] = '%p';
$config['support_url'] = '';
$config['product_name'] = 'Roundcube Webmail';
$config['des_key'] = 'rcmail-!24ByteDESkey*Str';
$config['log_dir'] = '/dev/null';
$config['temp_dir'] = '/tmp';
$config['plugins'] = array(
'archive',
);
$config['skin'] = 'larry';
$config['mime_types'] = '/tmp/mime.types';
$config['imap_conn_options'] = array(
'ssl' => array('verify_peer' => false, 'verify_peer_name' => false, 'allow_self_signed' => true)
);
$config['enable_installer'] = false;
$config['smtp_conn_options'] = array(
'ssl' => array('verify_peer' => false, 'verify_peer_name' => false, 'allow_self_signed' => true)
);
```
Point your browser to `https://myserver/rc/installer` and follow the instructions.
Initialize the database and leave the installer.
**Delete the directory `data/web/rc/installer` after a successful installation!**
## Enable password changing
Open `data/web/rc/config.inc.php` and enable the password plugin:
```
...
$config['plugins'] = array(
'archive',
'password',
);
...
```
Open `data/web/rc/plugins/password/password.php`, search for `case 'ssha':` and add above:
```
case 'ssha256':
$salt = rcube_utils::random_bytes(8);
$crypted = base64_encode( hash('sha256', $password . $salt, TRUE ) . $salt );
$prefix = '{SSHA256}';
break;
```
Open `data/web/rc/plugins/password/config.inc.php` and change the following parameters (or add them at the bottom of that file):
```
$config['password_driver'] = 'sql';
$config['password_algorithm'] = 'ssha256';
$config['password_algorithm_prefix'] = '{SSHA256}';
$config['password_query'] = "UPDATE mailbox SET password = %P WHERE username = %u";
```
# Learn spam and ham
Rspamd learns mail as spam or ham when you move a message in or out of the junk folder to any mailbox besides trash.
This is archived by using the Dovecot plugin "antispam" and a simple parser script.
Rspamd also auto-learns mail when a high or low score is detected (see https://rspamd.com/doc/configuration/statistic.html#autolearning)
The bayes statistics are written to Redis as keys `BAYES_HAM` and `BAYES_SPAM`.
You can also use Rspamds web ui to learn ham and/or spam.
# MySQL
### Connect to the MySQL database:
```
source mailcow.conf
docker-compose exec mysql-mailcow mysql -u${DBUSER} -p${DBPASS} ${DBNAME}
```
### Backup the database:
```
cd /path/to/mailcow-dockerized
source mailcow.conf
DATE=$(date +"%Y%m%d_%H%M%S")
docker-compose exec mysql-mailcow mysqldump --default-character-set=utf8mb4 -u${DBUSER} -p${DBPASS} ${DBNAME} > backup_${DBNAME}_${DATE}.sql
```
### Restore the database:
```
cd /path/to/mailcow-dockerized
source mailcow.conf
docker-compose exec mysql-mailcow mysql -u${DBUSER} -p${DBPASS} ${DBNAME} < backup_file.sql
```
# Read logs
You can use `docker-compose logs $service-name` for all containers.
Run `docker-compose logs` for all logs at once.
Follow the log output by running docker-compose with `logs -f`.
# Redirect port 80 to 443
Since February the 28th 2017 mailcow does come with port 80 and 443 enabled.
Open `mailcow.conf` and set `HTTP_BIND=0.0.0.0`.
Open `data/conf/nginx/site.conf` and add a new "catch-all" site at the top of that file:
```
server {
listen 80 default_server;
server_name _;
return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
}
```
Restart the stack, changed containers will be updated:
`docker-compose up -d`
# Redis
## Connect to redis key store:
```
docker-compose exec redis-mailcow redis-cli
```
# Remove persistent data
- Remove volume `mysql-vol-1` to remove all MySQL data.
- Remove volume `redis-vol-1` to remove all Redis data.
- Remove volume `vmail-vol-1` to remove all contents of `/var/vmail` mounted to `dovecot-mailcow`.
- Remove volume `dkim-vol-1` to remove all DKIM keys.
- Remove volume `rspamd-vol-1` to remove all Rspamd data.
Running `docker-compose down -v` will **destroy all mailcow: dockerized volumes** and delete any related containers.Reset mailcow admin to `admin:moohoo`:
1. Drop admin table
```
source mailcow.conf
docker-compose exec mysql-mailcow mysql -u${DBUSER} -p${DBPASS} ${DBNAME} -e "DROP TABLE admin;"
```
2. Open mailcow UI to auto-init the db
# Rspamd
## Rspamd CLI tools
```
docker-compose exec rspamd-mailcow rspamc --help
docker-compose exec rspamd-mailcow rspamadm --help
```
See [Rspamd documentation](https://rspamd.com/doc/index.html)
# Adjust service configurations
The most important configuration files are mounted from the host into the related containers:
```
data/conf
├── bind9
│   └── named.conf
├── dovecot
│   ├── dovecot.conf
│   ├── dovecot-master.passwd
│   ├── sieve_after
│   └── sql
│   ├── dovecot-dict-sql.conf
│   └── dovecot-mysql.conf
├── mysql
│   └── my.cnf
├── nginx
│   ├── dynmaps.conf
│   ├── site.conf
│   └── templates
│   ├── listen_plain.template
│   ├── listen_ssl.template
│   └── server_name.template
├── pdns
│   ├── pdns_custom.lua
│   └── recursor.conf
├── postfix
│   ├── main.cf
│   ├── master.cf
│   ├── postscreen_access.cidr
│   ├── smtp_dsn_filter
│   └── sql
│   ├── mysql_relay_recipient_maps.cf
│   ├── mysql_tls_enforce_in_policy.cf
│   ├── mysql_tls_enforce_out_policy.cf
│   ├── mysql_virtual_alias_domain_catchall_maps.cf
│   ├── mysql_virtual_alias_domain_maps.cf
│   ├── mysql_virtual_alias_maps.cf
│   ├── mysql_virtual_domains_maps.cf
│   ├── mysql_virtual_mailbox_maps.cf
│   ├── mysql_virtual_relay_domain_maps.cf
│   ├── mysql_virtual_sender_acl.cf
│   └── mysql_virtual_spamalias_maps.cf
├── rmilter
│   └── rmilter.conf
├── rspamd
│   ├── dynmaps
│   │   ├── authoritative.php
│   │   ├── settings.php
│   │   ├── tags.php
│   │   └── vars.inc.php -> ../../../web/inc/vars.inc.php
│   ├── local.d
│   │   ├── dkim.conf
│   │   ├── metrics.conf
│   │   ├── options.inc
│   │   ├── redis.conf
│   │   ├── rspamd.conf.local
│   │   └── statistic.conf
│   ├── lua
│   │   └── rspamd.local.lua
│   └── override.d
│   ├── logging.inc
│   ├── worker-controller.inc
│   └── worker-normal.inc
└── sogo
├── sieve.creds
└── sogo.conf
```
Just change the according configuration file on the host and restart the related service: `docker-compose restart service-mailcow`
# Tagging
Mailbox users can tag their mail address like in `me+facebook@example.org` and choose between to setups to handle this tag:
1. Move this message to a subfolder "facebook" (will be created lower case if not existing)
2. Prepend the tag to the subject: "[facebook] Subject"
# Two-factor authentication
So far two methods for TFA are impelemented. Both work with the fantastic [Yubikey](https://www.yubico.com).
While Yubi OTP needs an active internet connection and an API ID/key, U2F will work with any FIDO U2F USB key out of the box.
Both methods support mulitple YubiKeys.
As administrator you are able to temporary disable a domain adminsitrators TFA login until they successfully logged in.
The key used to login will be displayed in green, while other keys remain grey.
## Yubi OTP
The Yubi API ID and Key will be checked against the Yubico Cloud API. When setting up TFA you will be asked for your personal API account for this key.
The API ID, API key and the first 12 characters (your YubiKeys ID in modhex) are stored in the MySQL table as secret.
## U2F
Only Google Chrome (+derivates) and Opera support U2F authentication to this day natively.
For Firefox you will need to install the "U2F Support Add-on" as provided on [mozilla.org](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/u2f-support-add-on/).
U2F works without an internet connection.# Why does mailcow come with a DNS resolver?
For DNS blacklist lookups and DNSSEC.
Most systems use either a public or a local caching DNS resolver.
That's a very bad idea when it comes to filter spam using DNS-based blackhole lists (DNSBL) or similar technics.
Most if not all providers apply a rate limit based on the DNS resolver that is used to query their service.
Using a public resolver like Googles 4x8, OpenDNS or any other shared DNS resolver like your ISPs will hit that limit very soon.

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site_name: "mailcow: dockerized"
repo_url: https://github.com/andryyy/mailcow-dockerized/
remote_branch: gh-pages
theme: readthedocs
pages:
- 'Overview': 'index.md'
- 'Installation': 'install.md'
- 'First Steps': 'first_steps.md'
- 'Usage & Examples': 'u_and_e.md'